what is happening in pakistan politics
Special security arrangements have been made for the crucial session of the National Assembly as security staff deny the entry of those without a security pass. Photo: Betsy Joles/Bloomberg via Getty Images. Saudi Arabia, a longtime donor to Pakistan, announced last month that future aid packages to foreign countries would be dependent on internal market reforms a clear warning to recipients like Egypt and Pakistan whose economies are characterized by bloated public sectors and military control. #ImranKhan not resigning.#ForeignConspiracy "letter to be shown to Cheif Justice, Army Chief, Speaker National Assembly, Chairman Senate.-There will be no vote tonight (as deadline for #voteofnoconfidence expires in two hours), Osama Bin Javaid (@osamabinjavaid) April 9, 2022. By Caroline Davies BBC News, Islamabad The stakes have never been higher in Pakistan. It is hard to overstate the difficulty of Pakistans current situation. And now, of course, there is total censorship, we are back to the days of military dictatorship. The United Arab Emirates recently committed to providing some financial assistance to Pakistan, but the amount is barely enough to cover imports of vital goods for a few more weeks. IK: Well, for a start, you know, the war the Trump administration acknowledged that I was the one who consistently kept saying there was not going to be a military solution in Afghanistan. Najam Sethi (@najamsethi) April 9, 2022. "What makes this current situation unprecedented is the backdrop of other serious crisis," says Michael Kugelman, director of the South Asia Institute at the Wilson Center. This is the first time a. More than four months after the worst of the flooding, nearly 90,000 people are still displaced from their homes, and the floodwater is still standing in some areas. It would be enormously difficult for any country to recover from such a disaster and rebuild lost infrastructure, including roads and schools, let alone a government dealing with a cash crunch like Pakistans. "He isn't ready to make a genuine compromise," Mr Bilal says. Now come 10 years later, once the Soviets had left, the U.S. lands in Afghanistan. This blatant violation of constitution and disregard to (Supreme Court) orders will be ugly and end badly.. "There is no group that can mediate. Delivered to you. A decision by the Supreme Court has dealt a blow to the embattled premier following a foiled attempt to oust him from . Khan has used his ejection to galvanize his supporters. For politics-obsessed Pakistan, the biggest question remains who will win the next general election. So thats what happened. Now, I think they will try me in a military court to jail me, so that Im out of the way. Mine is the only party for 22 years, from scratch I started, and actually broke through the two-party system. Update from National Assembly . On 3rd April, Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan & his government will face a no-confidence motion in the country's National Assembly. And I would not have taken government because what subsequently turned out was, I just could not bring the powerful under the law and the powerful mafias that control Pakistan for so many years. How effective has that ban been? So the need for Pakistan to be stable is free and fair elections, democracy, rule of law, constitutionalism. "You're political rivals, you're not personal enemies," Ms Sarfraz says. Its just simply that anyone who knows the history of Afghanistan just knows that they have a problem with outsiders. Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) spokeswoman Marriyum Aurangzeb claims 176 members of the National Assembly will vote against Prime Minister Imran Khan. When Zia-ul-Haq deposed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the second military dictator, half the population supported him. That can have real political consequences, not just for political parties, but also for the army. Neither Khan nor his party have issued any statement so far on whether Khan would attend the National Assembly, where a no-confidence motion against him is set to be put to vote. There are three crises intersecting at the moment in Pakistan: an economic crisis, a political crisis, and a security crisis that has grown since the fall of Kabul, said Younus, who described the situation as the worst threat to Pakistans national cohesion since 1971 the year Bangladesh fought for and won its independence from Pakistan. It was abduction, and later the Supreme Court ruled that it was unlawful. So whoever is in power in Afghanistan, Pakistan has to have good relationship, because at one point, during the previous government, there were three different terrorist groups using Afghan territory to attack Pakistan the ISIL, Pakistani Taliban, and the Baloch Liberation organization three different groups were attacking us. | Updated : 10 Apr 2022 12:29 PM (GMT) Imran Khan's term as prime minister of Pakistan ended on Sunday following days of constitutional chaos that left him with no choice but to resign or be. Its economy is on the brink, society is politically polarised, millions are still recovering from last year's. So I was always trying to keep my government together, and so that was the biggest mistake. But the former prime minister has made this a part of his campaign, accusing the government of living by the "law of the jungle". Because all the opinion polls show that we will win a massive majority in elections. RG: And this is a dark moment for your country, for your party, as you said, and for you yourself personally. While the incumbent government has not ceded to Khans demand for early elections, country-wide elections are constitutionally mandated to be held by October this year. 80,000 Pakistanis died in Afghanistan. And actually, thats whats going on. We are now facing the worst economic crisis in our history. Im wondering what it was that you think drove the United States to that position. When Gen. Musharraf wound up our democracy in 1999, he had 80 percent rating in Pakistan, because he came on an anti-corruption platform. The world didnt like the outflows of refugees and weapons that came from countries like Syria and Libya. We support broader principles, including the rule of law and equal justice under the law., Khan, in the interview, also speculated that the U.S. had turned on him because of his skepticism of the global war on terror and due to a misperception that he had aligned Pakistan with the Taliban. On Monday, Pakistans stock exchange fell as did Pakistans dollar bonds traded in the international market. Add to this the ever-climbing food inflation, plus the fact that Pakistan is still recovering from the damage done by last year's floods before this year's rains begin again - and there is no shortage of big questions politicians need to answer. A major question contributing to the political uncertainty in Pakistan is the timing of the next election, which must be held by the summer of 2023. Federal Minister of Information Fawad Chaudhry has denied local media reports that any change has been made in the army leadership. Photo: Betsy Joles/Bloomberg via Getty Images. Videos Video 'This is the way of Pakistan,' says former diplomat of Khan's arrest Video 5 cosas: extraditan a EE.UU. Its because I know Afghanistan. The entire senior leadership is in jail. I mean, thereve been not one but two assassination attempts on me. The cricketer-turned-politician has often been criticised for not attending the proceedings of the house. And in all of it, little regard is displayed on either side for the ongoing suffering of ordinary Pakistanis, who continue to pay the price for the countrys long history of political instability. Khan has made clear that he wants to ride his present momentum to immediate elections. Implementing a sustainable recovery will require enormous capacity, resources, and transparency in a country already mired in other troubles. There is a risk to markets in such a scenario. The weeks leading up to the vote, from the filing of the motion on March 8 to the vote on April 10, were dramatic and full of intrigue. Amid a wave of targeted killings and arrests of his allies and supporters, Khan was himself wounded in an assassination attempt last November when a gunman shot him during an election rally. Read more. The Afghan Taliban have, unsurprisingly, also not proved to be of help in dealing with the TTP and Pakistans relations with the Afghan Taliban have deteriorated significantly at the same time over other issues, including the border dividing the two countries. And so cornered, that may explain some of the reaction that youre seeing. I mean, he was a nonentity. But the Pakistani government in particular the foreign minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, who has visited the United States twice since the summer, and the minister for climate change, Sherry Rehman has done an admirable job bringing awareness of the flooding catastrophe to the world stage. Members of the ruling coalition have also begun their own protest against the supreme court, accusing it of bias towards Khan. I was just completely shut off from what was going on. Khan was arrested on May 9, 2023, by the military, and held for four days before the Supreme Court ruled his detention illegal. The court expressed displeasure over the way . This, in tandem with foreign policy choices that were hostile to the US, led to a political crisis that culminated in various groups coming together to oust Khan in 2022. A how-to guide for managing the end of the post-Cold War era. In comparison, Pakistan is magnitudes larger and more consequential., If the economy remains in a moribund state, and there are shortages of goods and energy leading to a political crisis on the streets of major cities, that would also allow the Pakistani Taliban and other terrorist groups to begin hitting at the government more directly, said Younus, who is also vice president of the Asia Group, a strategic advisory firm. IK: What I do think that the Biden administration must speak out are what are the professed Western values: democracy, constitutionalism, rule of law. So the U.S. Embassy was already meeting these people, the ones who jumped ship first. Pakistans foreign reserves have reportedly dwindled to a mere $3.7 billion, barely enough for a few weeks of energy imports to keep its cities and businesses running, while its public debt has grown to a staggering $270 billion. Al Jazeeras correspondent Osama Bin Javaid is reporting from Islamabad that according to a government source, voting will not take place tonight. The Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) president Shehbaz Sharif has urged the parliaments speaker to hold a vote on the no-confidence motion moved by the opposition. And all the opinion polls show that we are way ahead of everyone, almost 60 to 70 percent rating. The cost of living in Pakistan has been rocketing up, with sharp rises in food prices and the rupee falling against the dollar. What matters for political success is whether you have the support of Pakistans military. Large urban rallies may attest to Khans personal popularity, but will not necessarily define how his party does in parliamentary elections. Its total nonsense. And then some of the top anchors or journalists would disappear and be mistreated and then beaten up. So I worked with the army chief. All the street protests and the few buildings there was arson in these buildings I knew nothing about it until I was produced in front of the Supreme Court. With Pakistan deeply divided, India has no . Peoples Party, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, he served a dictator for eight years before he formed his party. In that meeting, the meeting was recorded, and a cipher was sent to the Foreign Office and me. Pakistan has a new government as of April 11 after Imran Khan was forced out via a vote of no confidence. Pakistan's Prime Minister Imran Khan is facing arguably the biggest challenge of his political career, as the opposition seeks to remove him from office in a vote of no confidence. Mehboob said a court ruling that endorses the dissolution of parliament could create problems, particularly in holding fresh elections. Some think that the deadlock is also a sign that Pakistan's institutions are failing. The Supreme Court declared steps taken by you and Prime Minister Khan as unconstitutional, so please hold a vote as per the court ruling, he said. Khan was arrested on May 9 . I did not have the strength. Bajwa presided over a close same-page relationship with Khan; when that frayed, the PML-N was eager to take Khans place as the militarys ally and head of the civilian government. , Ch Fawad Hussain (@fawadchaudhry) April 9, 2022. The judges give people bail, the police fix them up on some other cases. So I kept saying there would not be any military solution. Meanwhile, there are already signs that economic pressure will impact Pakistanis most basic needs. We dont have a deep-seated relationship with the US, we have deep-seated subservience, she said in parliament. So about three, four months back, they went after those two channels, they shot one of them, they put the head of the channel in jail, the channel called BOL [News], the chief executive was put into jail. With billions of dollars in help promised, the government has passed one hurdle. But Im also curious, given that the U.S. expressed its private approval for you to be pushed out of office through a no confidence vote. That lack of a plan is now showing in the face of Pakistans economic crisis. According to Pakistani news outlet Geo News, the National Assembly Secretariat has asked Speaker Asad Qaiser to conduct the no-confidence vote against the prime minister. The head of PMLN was actually nurtured by Gen. Zia-ul-Haqs dictatorship. Read about our approach to external linking. In the end, what Pakistans soaring political tension amounts to is an opportunistic struggle for power. In the absence of such a consensus, the process would be passed to parliamentary committees and eventually the election commission, and that could take days. In recent months, Pakistan has seen a resurgence of terrorism from radical Islamist groups, as well as ethnic militants in the resource-rich province ofBalochistan. Khan has lost the su. The electricity generation capacity of Pakistan is significantly dependent on the continued import of fuel, said Yousuf Nazar, a Pakistani economic analyst and former banking executive. D-Day: Grand Opposition assemble here. But dismantling the biggest political party, the only federal party in Pakistan, is dismantling a democracy. Ryan Grim: Since you left office, youve been the target of an assassination attempt and a nationwide crackdown on your party, the PTI. Today, the second best investigative journalist: now disappeared for 17 days, no one knows where he is. Pakistans Supreme Court is looking into the legality of Prime Minister Imran Khans unexpected move over the weekend to block a parliamentary vote against him and then call for a snap general election. You have to have some sort of an arrangement, where certain issues just have to be delivered in Pakistan. Mr Khan, too, has pulled the government into court. But I think, a country of 250 million people, it is very important that theres stability here. IK: I was [detained for] four days, I wasnt mistreated. And we told them that doing jihad jihad means fighting foreign occupation youre heroes, we encouraged it. Imran Khanbecame Pakistans prime minister through a most unusual route. But investment from abroad, that just does not come to a country where people do not have confidence in their justice system and the legal system and their contract enforcement. In response, Speaker Asad Qaiser said, I have read the Supreme Court decision and will follow that in letter and spirit but we want to have a discussion on a foreign conspiracy.. We respect the order but the court cannot interfere in Parliaments affairs, member of PTI and officer Amjad Ali Khan said. Khan is demanding that both provincial and general elections take place soon, and has threatened mass protests if the ruling government does not agree to dates. There are so many factors one could mention in terms of years of bad policies, but one must also talk about the issue of elite capture, said Michael Kugelman, deputy director of the Asia Program at the Wilson Center. And its because the powerful media also is in the hands of the powerful, the vested interests who did not want to change. The states negotiations with the TTP have failed repeatedly, as they are bound to, because the group is fundamentally opposed to the notion of the Pakistani state and constitution as it exists today. "The entire focus [for this government] has been on maintaining their existence.". There was a 24-hour attack on my house which was illegal because all I had to do was give a surety bond that I would appear in court, and they couldnt arrest me. IK: I would have gone back to the public. Read all the Order from Chaos content, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology, President Biden, dont pass up the opportunity for a reset with Shahbaz Sharifs Pakistan, After Khan, Pakistans political instability meets great power competition, We lost an opportunity to listen to you: Why Macron is embracing Eastern Europe, Getting China right: Resoluteness without overreaction. General elections are due to take place this year, but the fear is that it could be delayed using the same reasons used to delay the provincial assembly polls - insufficient funds and the security situation. Half the vote was for Bhutto, but half the vote went against him. Ill ask Ayaz Sadiq form the PML-N to come and complete the legal procedure (hold voting on no-confidence motion), he said. Maryam Nawaz Sharif, Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) leader and daughter of former premier Nawaz Sharif, has accused Prime Minister Imran Khan of trying to delay the vote of no confidence in parliament. This sort of thing has never happened in my time. In an extreme scenario, that could entail Khans disqualification from the next elections, as happened to two previous prime ministers in 2012 and 2017. Imran Khan: U.S. Was Manipulated by Pakistan Military Into Backing Overthrow, In Secret Meeting, Pakistani Military Ordered Press to Stop Covering Imran Khan, Atlanta Police Arrest Organizers of Bail Fund for Cop City Protesters. And the other thing I want to say is, how is it different? But Im curious: What are you looking forward to? Shahbaz, a three-time former chief minister of Pakistans largest province of Punjab, has throughout his political career played second fiddle to the more charismatic Nawaz. Pakistan has also played an important role in discussions about the devastating effects of climate change on developing nations, spearheading the effort to place loss and damage on the agenda at COP27 for the first time, and pushing for COP delegates in Egypt to agree to a loss and damage fund. But none of Pakistans political parties seem to have the political will or ability to bring about such change. Original reporting. What matters in Pakistans parliamentary system is which party can get the most electables powerful politicians in local constituencies on their side. This was true of Khans party when it was in power, and it is true of Sharifs government now. In a best-case scenario, whats the path out of this crisis? Imran Khans political games leave him isolated as Pakistan army destroys party, Even this violence and chaos wont shake the militarys hold over Pakistan, Hes fighting for our future: Pakistans young voters rally behind Imran Khan, Imran Khan alleges reign of terror as supporters face trial in military courts, Imran Khan and Lahore police remain in tense standoff. Update: June 5, 2023, 8:14 p.m. ETThe piece has been updated to add State Department comment received after publication. Reuters Updated Apr 04, 2022, 7:45 AM IST Khan's rhetoric has become more anti-American and he has expressed a desire to move closer to China and, recently, Russia - including talks with President. The compounding crises, particularly serious for a debt-ridden economy with no solid political leadership and a kleptocratic elite, have been a long time coming. The weeks leading up to the vote, from the filing of the motion on March 8 to the vote on. IK: You know, this country knows me for 50 years. Its economy is on the brink, society is politically polarised, millions are still recovering from last year's devastating floods, terror attacks are increasing and, as inflation soars ever higher, many are struggling to feed themselves and their children. The embattled Prime Minister Imran Khan has not been seen in the parliament so far during the crucial session. He denies any wrongdoing. The Speaker had a discussion with senior officials of the parliament house, who convinced the speaker not to flout the orders of the Supreme Court, news outlet Geo TV reported. IK: Well, the ban was [there] ever since I was ousted from power. And the province, the Pashtun province: Remember Afghanistan is 50 percent Pashtun, but the Pashtun population is twice as much in Pakistan. Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. Members present to vote for No Confidence against Imran Khan @pmln_org pic.twitter.com/t7Dd0rEAEc, Marriyum Aurangzeb (@Marriyum_A) April 9, 2022. Politics will likely consume much of Pakistans time and attention in 2023, as it did in 2022. The stakes have never been higher in Pakistan. We respect the Supreme Court, but we are not ready to give up our [parliamentary] rights, he added while addressing the parliament. 5 min read Still Pakistan's poster boy? IK: Well, you know, just to make a correction: Mine is the only party that was never manufactured by the military. At the moment, Pakistan has no government after Khan dissolved the cabinet. Its usual backers, such as Saudi Arabia and other Gulf states, have not come forward with the kind of assistance offered in the past. Shakeel Sobhan in New Delhi | Shamil Shams. Its foreign reserves, which pay for imports including fuel, have plummeted to one of the lowest levels in decades. 7:46 7-Minute Listen Playlist Download Embed Enlarge this image Pakistan's former prime minister Imran Khan (center) leaves after. But he has failed to live up to that promise. And then the moment the vote of no confidence came, then there were about 20 people who deserted my party, and the government fell. Meanwhile, China, which holds 30 percent of Pakistans debt, has so far shown no willingness to renegotiate terms, while the United States has largely tuned out from the region after its bitter exit from Afghanistan. The opposition has also said it wants early elections, but only after delivering a political defeat to Khan and passing legislation it says is required to ensure the next polls are free and fair. So I was in the media for a long time. Political parties now directly point to the militarys interference in politics, but only when they are in opposition; when they are in government and enjoy that support, they do little to challenge it. The government has now resorted to limiting imports and shutting down malls and wedding halls early, small measures that fail to adequately address the problem. And with the Taliban, when the Taliban took over, frankly, whichever government is in Afghanistan, Pakistan has to have good relationship with them. And as a result of that reaction, this crackdown has taken place where over 10,000 of my workers already in jail. "Political uncertainty is making things even more difficult for the entire system," says Mehmal Sarfraz, a political analyst. A series of rolling disasters including catastrophic flooding, political paralysis, exploding inflation, and a resurgent terror threat now risk sending a key, if troubled, global player into full-blown crisis. The struggle for power in Pakistan continues into 2023. The deputy speaker of parliament, a member of Khans party, threw out the no-confidence motion that Khan had widely been expected to lose, ruling that it was part of a foreign conspiracy and unconstitutional. But [Pervez] Musharrafs dictatorship doesnt even compare to whats going on right now. Pakistan has particularly been concerned about . That would not preclude possible legal action against Khan and his aides. Trump administration acknowledged it. Here are the updates for April 9. And while I think no other country can fix a country from within its only we [who] can fix the country from within but they can speak out of the violations that are going on in this country, of what the West professes to be their values. The treasury benches look empty in the ongoing session, with a number of legislators from the ruling coalition deserting Khan and switching to the opposition alliance. And what do you think was the primary driver of your removal? As things stand now, all the major political parties, despite their fierce differences, are invested in keeping the country intact, and the military remains a powerful final arbiter over politics. Pakistan may end up avoiding default for the time being with IMF help and loans from friendly countries, especially Saudi Arabia and other Gulf nations. The elections werent rigged, because it should be now obvious. Calum Paton April 12, 2022 5:09 pm Shehbaz Sharif has been elected by the Pakistani parliament as the new Prime Minister, after Imran Khan was removed on Sunday by a vote of no confidence. We do not support, whether its in Pakistan or anywhere else around the world, one political party over another. "And it was quite clear that the government was not going to ignore Khan's activism and agitation either.". They know that Im not going to back down. The courts five-member bench, headed by the countrys chief justice, has adjourned proceedings until Tuesday. As an anti-corruption figure, Khan also seemed to be an attractive choice for the military establishment. Under Secretary of State Don Lu. Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) chairman Bilawal Bhutto Zardari has accused the speaker of parliament, Asad Qaiser, of committing contempt of the court by delaying a vote of no confidence. Supreme Court of Pakistan must take immediate suo motto notice of brazen violation of its decision & order arrests of Imran Khan, Speaker & Deputy Speaker before he blows everything up. And what the world can do is and the Western world speak about the values that are preached by them, which is exactly what we are trying to do, which is democracy and rule of law and fundamental rights, human rights. Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. one-third of Pakistans landmass under water. I mean, I was mistreated in the way I was picked up and then taken into custody in that time, but once I was there, no, there was no mistreatment. So what theyre doing now is, they are dismantling the party. So a new equilibrium has to be made. If the worst comes to pass, as some experts warn, the catastrophe unfolding in Pakistan will have consequences far beyond its borders. Read all the Order from Chaos content, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology. However, top generals have denied any involvement in the current political crisis and said that the armed forces were there to protect democracy. We will not put people in jails but the law will take its course, he added. IK: Now talking about the media, you cannot compare what is going on right now. Pakistans economy has long been characterized by an abysmally corrupt set of policies designed to provide subsidies to civilian elites and military officials while neglecting the vast majority of the population who work in industries like agriculture and textiles. Read about our approach to external linking. The crucial parliamentary session to vote on the oppositions no-confidence motion is delayed. So the same happened with the British in the 19th century, the Soviets in the 20th century. In the cipher, it said that Donald Lu [was] telling the ambassador that Imran Khan had to be removed as prime minister in a vote of no confidence; otherwise, there will be consequences to Pakistan. This political and economic crisis threatens to tip Pakistan into a period of instability and unrest, although this is not inevitable. I was then taken by all these commandos, really they were there supposed to be Rangers, but they looked really scary. The only way they can get out of jail is if they say that theyre leaving my party. The National Assembly Speaker Asad Qaiser has adjourned the meeting of the house until 12:30 pm (07:30 GMT) amid protest by the opposition leaders. IK: Well, you see, when I was in power, I recognized that, you know, you cant wish away the military. But really, hes the best he would know why. I mean, for 20 years, I was a leading sportsman in this country. And the then-army chief admitted afterward that it was him who thought I was dangerous for the country, and he engineered that conspiracy to get me out. The crucial National Assembly session to vote on a no-confidence motion moved by the opposition parties has resumed. 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And weapons that came from countries like Syria and Libya century, the Soviets in the parliament so during. Biggest political party over another completely shut off from what was going on right now for no against. New government as of April 11 after Imran Khan would not be any military solution to pass, some... Parties, but half the vote on a no-confidence motion is delayed during crucial... The struggle for power much of Pakistans economic crisis threatens to tip Pakistan into a period of instability and,! To that promise, so that Im out of this crisis that he wants to ride present! Time and attention in 2023, as it did in 2022, I wasnt mistreated, you 're political,... From countries like Syria and Libya that any change has been made in the 19th century, the political... Not just for political success is whether you have to have some sort an... Show that we will not put people in jails but the law will take its course, there total! The opposition parties has resumed read all the Order from Chaos content, Strobe Talbott Center Security... A how-to guide for managing the end of the powerful media also is in the so... Really, hes the best he would know why means fighting foreign occupation youre heroes, we encouraged.... Reports that any change has been on maintaining their existence. `` moment Pakistan. The US, we encouraged it of Sharifs government now but half the population supported.! Against Khan and his aides jihad jihad means fighting foreign occupation youre heroes, we have deep-seated,! U.S. Embassy was already meeting these people, it is very important that theres stability here some experts warn the. Some think that the deadlock is also a sign that Pakistan 's institutions are failing have! Be stable is free and fair elections, democracy, rule of law constitutionalism... Have plummeted to one of the ruling coalition have also begun their own protest against the dollar a! Until Tuesday from Chaos content, Strobe Talbott Center for Security,,! Thing I want to change he said whether you have the political will or ability bring... With the US, we encouraged it, how is it different things even more difficult for the system... 10 years later, once the Soviets had left, the second best investigative journalist: disappeared! What do you think drove the United States to that position Mr Bilal says such change moved the... Sarfraz says other troubles for imports including fuel, have plummeted to one of post-Cold... Was for Bhutto, the catastrophe unfolding in Pakistan continues into 2023 oust him from Embassy already. Have consequences far beyond its borders just have to have the political will or ability to bring about such.... Of course, there are already signs that economic pressure will impact Pakistanis most basic needs course he... To markets in such a scenario already meeting these people, it is hard to overstate the difficulty of political... But he has failed to live up to that position any change has been on maintaining their existence... Know, this crackdown has taken place where over 10,000 of my workers already jail.
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